Medical Oncology at Mayo Clinic

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Medical Oncology at Mayo Clinic

Medical Oncology provides specialized non-surgical cancer treatment using medicines such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and hormone therapy for selected cancers.

Price

Price on Request

Why Price on Request?

The cost of medical oncology varies depending on the type and stage of cancer, treatment plan, medications, number of treatment cycles, diagnostic testing and patient's individual medical condition. A personalized treatment estimate is therefore required.

Complete Description

Medical Oncology at Mayo Clinic

Medical Oncology at Mayo Clinic – Rochester focuses on the medical treatment and comprehensive management of cancer using specialized medications and systemic therapies.

Medical oncologists evaluate the patient's cancer diagnosis, stage, pathology and other relevant medical information to develop an individualized treatment strategy.

Depending on the type of cancer, medical oncology treatment may include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy and other systemic treatments.

Medical oncology may be used as the primary treatment or combined with surgery and radiation therapy.

What Is Medical Oncology?

Medical oncology is a branch of cancer medicine focused on treating cancer with medications and systemic therapies.

These treatments may work throughout the body rather than targeting only one specific area.

Medical oncology can be involved in different stages of cancer care, including:

Initial cancer treatment
Treatment before surgery
Treatment after surgery
Treatment for advanced cancer
Treatment for recurrent cancer
Long-term cancer management
Supportive cancer care

Medical Oncology Treatments

Depending on the patient's diagnosis, medical oncology may include:

Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Hormone therapy
Combination drug therapy
Selected cellular therapies
Other specialized systemic cancer treatments

The appropriate treatment depends on the cancer type and individual patient factors.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy uses medications designed to destroy cancer cells or slow their growth.

Chemotherapy may be used:

Before surgery
After surgery
As the primary cancer treatment
For advanced cancer
For recurrent cancer
In combination with other treatments

The specific medications and treatment schedule depend on the type and stage of cancer.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy uses treatments that help the body's immune system recognize and respond to cancer cells.

Immunotherapy may be appropriate for selected cancers and may be used alone or together with other treatments.

Treatment selection depends on:

Cancer type
Cancer stage
Biomarkers
Previous treatment
Overall health

Targeted Therapy

Targeted therapy is designed to act on specific molecular or biological characteristics of cancer cells.

Before targeted therapy is considered, specialists may recommend molecular or biomarker testing to determine whether the cancer contains a target that can be treated with a particular medication.

Targeted therapy may be used alone or in combination with other cancer treatments.

Hormone Therapy

Some cancers depend on hormones to grow.

Hormone therapy may be used for selected cancers, including certain:

Breast cancers
Prostate cancers
Other hormone-sensitive cancers

The appropriate hormone treatment depends on the cancer's biological characteristics.

Combination Cancer Treatment

Some patients may benefit from a combination of different cancer treatments.

Medical oncology may be combined with:

Surgery
Radiation therapy
Immunotherapy
Targeted therapy
Hormone therapy
Other specialized treatments

A combination approach is selected according to the patient's diagnosis and treatment goals.

Medical Oncology for Different Types of Cancer

Medical oncology may be involved in the treatment of many cancers, including:

Breast cancer
Lung cancer
Colorectal cancer
Prostate cancer
Pancreatic cancer
Liver cancer
Kidney cancer
Bladder cancer
Ovarian cancer
Uterine cancer
Head and neck cancers
Melanoma and other skin cancers
Sarcomas
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Multiple myeloma
Other rare and complex cancers

The treatment approach varies significantly between different cancer types.

Treatment Planning

Before treatment begins, the medical oncology team may review:

Cancer diagnosis
Pathology results
Cancer stage
Imaging studies
Molecular and genetic information
Previous treatments
Current medications
Overall health
Kidney and liver function

This information helps specialists develop an individualized treatment plan.

Cancer Biomarker Testing

For selected cancers, biomarker testing may help identify characteristics that influence treatment decisions.

Testing may evaluate:

Genetic mutations
Molecular alterations
Protein expression
Other tumor biomarkers

The results may help determine whether certain targeted therapies or immunotherapies may be appropriate.

Treatment Before Surgery

Medical oncology treatment may sometimes be provided before surgery.

This approach is known as neoadjuvant therapy.

Depending on the cancer, treatment before surgery may help:

Reduce tumor size
Treat cancer cells outside the primary tumor
Assess how the cancer responds to treatment
Support subsequent surgical management

Not every patient requires treatment before surgery.

Treatment After Surgery

Medical oncology may also provide treatment after surgery.

This is commonly known as adjuvant therapy.

The purpose may be to treat microscopic cancer cells that could remain after the primary tumor has been removed and to reduce the risk of recurrence in appropriate patients.

Treatment for Advanced or Recurrent Cancer

Medical oncology can also provide systemic treatment for selected patients with:

Advanced cancer
Metastatic cancer
Recurrent cancer
Cancer that cannot be treated effectively with surgery alone

Treatment goals vary depending on the disease and may include controlling cancer, reducing symptoms, slowing progression or supporting quality of life.

Monitoring During Treatment

Patients receiving systemic cancer treatment require regular monitoring.

Monitoring may include:

Blood tests
Imaging
Physical examinations
Assessment of treatment response
Medication review
Monitoring for side effects
Kidney and liver function testing

The frequency of monitoring depends on the treatment and patient's condition.

Potential Side Effects

Cancer medications can cause side effects, although these vary significantly between treatments and patients.

Possible side effects may include:

Fatigue
Nausea
Vomiting
Appetite changes
Hair loss
Changes in blood counts
Increased risk of infection
Skin changes
Neuropathy
Diarrhea or constipation
Other treatment-specific effects

The medical team monitors patients and provides appropriate supportive care when needed.

Supportive Cancer Care

Medical oncology may include supportive care to help patients manage symptoms and treatment-related effects.

Supportive services may address:

Pain
Nausea
Fatigue
Nutrition
Medication side effects
Emotional and practical needs
Treatment-related complications

Supportive care is an important part of comprehensive cancer management.

Multidisciplinary Cancer Care

Complex cancer treatment may involve several specialists.

The care team may include:

Medical oncologists
Surgical oncologists
Radiation oncologists
Pathologists
Radiologists
Genetic specialists
Oncology nurses
Pharmacists
Rehabilitation specialists
Other healthcare professionals

This multidisciplinary approach helps coordinate different aspects of cancer treatment.

International Patients

International patients seeking medical oncology treatment may provide their existing cancer records for specialist review.

Important documents may include:

Pathology reports
Biopsy results
CT scans
MRI scans
PET scans
Laboratory results
Molecular testing
Genetic testing
Previous chemotherapy records
Previous radiation records
Surgical reports
Current medication list

Complete records can help specialists better understand the patient's diagnosis and previous treatment.

Benefits of Medical Oncology

Medical oncology may provide:

Specialized systemic cancer treatment
Personalized treatment planning
Access to multiple medication-based treatment options
Biomarker-guided treatment when appropriate
Management of advanced and recurrent cancers
Coordination with surgery and radiation therapy
Monitoring of treatment response
Management of treatment-related side effects

The expected benefits vary according to the patient's individual cancer and treatment plan.

Why Choose Mayo Clinic for Medical Oncology?

Mayo Clinic provides multidisciplinary cancer care involving specialists across medical oncology, surgical oncology, radiation oncology, pathology, radiology and other cancer-related disciplines.

Patients with complex cancer conditions may benefit from coordinated specialist evaluation and individualized treatment planning.

Cost & Price on Request

Price: Price on Request

Medical oncology does not have one fixed price because cancer treatment varies significantly between patients.

The total cost may depend on:

Medical oncology consultation
Diagnostic testing
Pathology review
Molecular testing
Cancer medications
Number of treatment cycles
Treatment duration
Infusion services when required
Laboratory monitoring
Imaging
Supportive medications
Additional specialist services

A personalized treatment estimate should therefore be requested according to the patient's diagnosis and treatment plan.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What does a medical oncologist do?

A medical oncologist specializes in treating cancer using medications such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy and hormone therapy.

2. Is chemotherapy the only treatment provided by medical oncology?

No. Medical oncology can involve chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, hormone therapy and other systemic treatments, depending on the cancer.

3. Can medical oncology be combined with surgery or radiation therapy?

Yes. Cancer treatment may involve a combination of medical oncology, surgery and radiation therapy depending on the diagnosis and treatment plan.

4. Is medical oncology used for advanced cancer?

Yes. Medical oncology plays an important role in managing many types of advanced, metastatic and recurrent cancers. Treatment goals depend on the patient's individual condition.

5. How much does medical oncology treatment cost?

Price is available on request. The total cost depends on the cancer type, medications, number of treatment cycles, diagnostic testing, treatment duration and other required medical services.